home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- ************************************************
- * Lipoxygenases iron-binding region signatures *
- ************************************************
-
- Lipoxygenases (EC 1.13.11.-) are a class of iron-containing dioxygenases
- which catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids, containing a cis,cis-1,4-
- pentadiene structure. They are common in plants where they may be involved in
- a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and
- development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding [1]. In
- mammals a number of lipoxygenases isozymes are involved in the metabolism of
- prostaglandins and leukotrienes [2]. Sequence data is available for the
- following lipoxygenases:
-
- - Plant lipoxygenases (EC 13.11.12). Four isozymes from soybean, two from pea
- and two from kidney bean.
- - Mammalian arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.34).
- - Mammalian arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.31).
- - Mammalian erythroid cell-specific 15-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.33).
-
- The iron atom in lipoxygenases is bound by four ligands, three of which are
- histidine residues [3]. Six histidines are conserved in all lipoxygenase
- sequences, five of them are found clustered in a stretch of 40 amino acids.
- This region contains two of the three zinc-ligands; the other histidines have
- been shown [4] to be important for the activity of lipoxygenases.
-
- As signatures for this family of enzymes we have selected two patterns in the
- region of the histidine cluster. The first pattern contains the first three
- conserved histidines and the second pattern includes the fourth and the fifth.
-
- -Consensus pattern: H-[EQ]-x(3)-H-x-[LM]-[NQR]-[GST]-H-[LIVMSA](3)-E
- [The second and third H's bind iron]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVMA]-H-P-[LIVM]-x-K-[LIVMF](2)-x-[AP]-H
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Patterns and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Vick B.A., Zimmerman D.C.
- (In) Biochemistry of plants: A comprehensive treatise, Stumpf P.K.,
- Ed., Vol. 9, pp.53-90, Academic Press, New-York, (1987).
- [ 2] Needleman P., Turk J., Jakschik B.A., Morrison A.R., Lefkowith J.B.
- Annu. Rev. Biochem. 55:69-102(1986).
- [ 3] Boyington J.C., Gaffney B.J., Amzel L.M.
- Science 260:1482-1486(1993).
- [ 4] Steczko J., Donoho G.P., Clemens J.C., Dixon J.E., Axelrod B.
- Biochemistry 31:4053-4057(1992).
-